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This site has been developed to support The New Zealand Curriculum
This section iillustrates the kind of language and the expected degree of difficulty for level 8. The examples do not form a comprehensive list for this level, but rather are an exemplification of the language focus for the level.
Historic present | Homines eunt in curiam provocantque magistratus. |
Inceptive imperfect | Hostes nostros progredi prohibebant. |
Subjunctive – independent uses:
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Gerund: in genitive case | scribendi causa |
Gerundive:
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Infinitives with impersonal verbs | Mihi licet discedere. |
Historic infinitive | tum omnes desperare, in vias ruere, clamare, huc illuc currere |
Supine:
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Passive of intransitive verbs | pugnatum est; ad urbem pervenitur |
Accusative: respect (in poetry) | tandem progreditur … Sidoniam picto chlamydem circumdata limbo. |
Genitive: value | Quanti hoc est? Amicos plurimi faciebas. |
Dative:
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Ablative:
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Relative clauses with subjunctive (generic) expressing result | Nemo tam stultus erat qui illud crederet. |
Cause: alleged reason with the subjunctive | Domi mansit, quod aeger esset. |
Concession: cum with subjunctive | Cum puer adhuc esset, tamen multa fecerat. |
Condition: with subjunctive | Si venisset, nos adiuvisset. |
Time: ut and cum with indicative | Ut Caesar cecidit, magnus clamor orsus est. |